Sandwich type board

ABSTRACT

Sandwich type board, of the type comprised of side and counterside, which has the following successive layers, the centre to the outside: a cellulose core impregnated in phenolic resin, a cellulose film impregnated in melamine, a laminated wood panel treated with phenolic resin, a tone package of one to three translucent and/or transparent films of cellulose, each of them impregnated in a resin to be chosen between melamine, melamine-acrylic, phenolic, melamine-phenolic, a multi-layer transparent/translucent acrylic film and a surface finish obtained by means of a demoulding film in the board press process.  
     For application in the construction field.

[0001] Sandwich type boards for outdoor use are already well known. These boards are made of different layers of wood and cellulose material with impregnations, which are then pressed to form a compact board.

[0002] These well-known boards have disadvantages, namely:

[0003] Physical-chemical contamination of the different layers of the board impregnated in different resins.

[0004] Little chromatic adaptability to the requirements of the different customers.

[0005] Little surface finish adaptability in the final presentation of the board.

[0006] Low resistance to environmental physical-chemical conditions, for example, ultraviolet rays.

[0007] A package of cellulose sheets impregnated in phenolic resin is usually used as the core for these boards. Over this, and on each side, a thin panel, for example 0.5 mm., of wood is fitted, also impregnated in phenolic resin. The rougher and darker pigmentation of the core easily passes to the wood panel, contaminating it and modifying its outer aspect.

[0008] To avoid this, a cellulose film, impregnated in melamine, is placed between the core and the wood panel, acting as a physical-chemical barrier.

[0009] The durability, functionality and aspect of these boards depend on the number of layers of different materials used and the type of impregnation resin, so there are infinite combinations and only a few of them give practical results, one of which being the combination targeted by this invention.

[0010] The surface resistance to the sun's radiation, mainly to ultraviolet rays (UV rays), is achieved by providing the outside of the sandwich with an acrylic type film, but in laboratory practice, the applicant has observed that a sandwich-board with just an acrylic film on the outside does not pass the boiling immersion test for two hours, giving rise to bubbles and deformation.

[0011] The applicant has also overcome this obstacle by converting the acrylic film into a multi-layer film comprised of an acrylic type transparent/translucent film and an absorbent cellulose film, which will also be transparent/translucent when impregnated with a resin of the same nature as that used to impregnate the previous layer of the sandwich. Both films are joined together with an adhesive.

[0012] To understand the object of this intervention better, a preferential form of practical execution is shown on the drawings, which is subject to incidental changes that will not detract from the foundation.

[0013]FIG. 1 is a schematic section with the different layers comprising the board targeted by the invention.

[0014]FIG. 2 is a schematic section of the acrylic layer-film (5).

[0015] Below an example of a practical execution of this invention is described, which is not restrictive.

[0016] The board has side (C₁) and counterside (C₂).

[0017] In the invention, any sandwich board for outdoor use must have an acrylic type outer film (5) on the outside.

[0018] The last or outside film (5)—FIG. 2—is a transparent/translucent multi-layer film (because its components are transparent/translucent), comprised of an acrylic type outer film (5 ₁), an adhesive (5 ₂), for example with polyurethane base, acrylic base, polychloroprenes, etc., and an absorbent cellulose film (5 ₃), impregnated in a resin of the same nature or compatible with the resin used to impregnate the layer immediately below it. In the case of FIG. 1 it would be the tone package (4).

[0019] For example if a phenolic resin has been used in the tone package (4) as impregnation, the absorbent cellulose film (5 ₃) will be impregnated in phenolic resin.

[0020] A series of packages (called Kraft) made of absorbent cellulose sheets impregnated in phenolic resin are placed as a core (1).

[0021] In principle, the board is symmetrical, so only one of the sides will be described, but part of the object of the invention is that some elements may not be fitted if they are unnecessary, for example in the counterside (C₂).

[0022] A thin wood panel (3) is placed on the core (1) and impregnated in phenolic resin, for example with 0.8 mm.

[0023] If this arrangement were to be left as such, it would give rise to a physical-chemical interchange between the wood panel (3) and the core (1); for example pigments from the core (1) to the wood (3), which may damage the nature of the wood, even causing a chromatic change in tone and stains, which would make it fail as the surface can be seen from the outside.

[0024] A tone package (4) comprised of films is placed on the wooden panel (3). This package varies according to needs and can have one to three cellulose films, each of them impregnated in one of the following resins: melamine, melamine-acrylic, phenol or melamine-phenol. Normally each of the films of this package (4) are transparent or translucent, and may have silica and pigment-extenders, thus achieving different tones and abrasive resistance.

[0025] The last transparent acrylic film (5) is for greater security in the physical-chemical resistance properties to environmental conditions, for example ultraviolet rays.

[0026] As the surface aspect of these boards is also very important, a demoulding film (6) is placed over the last film (5) during the board pressing process. This is not incorporated into the structure of the board but gives it surface finish. The demoulding film (6) can be different for the side (C₁) and the counterside (C₂).

[0027] For the demoulding film (6) a choice can be made between mate silicone, polypropylene or gloss silicone, to achieve a mate, a satin or a crystal gloss finish, respectively.

[0028] The final board is compact and around 10 mm thick (e).

[0029] It is understood that the acrylic type multi-layer film (5) can be used with the board described for FIG. 1, or other sandwich boards, for example that only have core (1) and wood panels (3), or core (1) and tone packages (4).

EXAMPLE I

[0030] The core is a 180/290 gr./sq.m phenolic Kraft with the relative melamine sheet (2).

[0031] The wooden panels (3) measure 0.75÷0.80 mm. thick.

[0032] The tone package (4) is comprised of an inner cellulose film impregnated in dark tone phenolic resin, and an outer cellulose film impregnated in melamine and with a silica-extender.

[0033] The transparent acrylic outer film (5) with <2% transmittance at wave length 290÷370 mm. with 1.13 gr/cm³ density.

[0034] A crystal gloss siliconed film is used for the demoulding for both sides (C₁), C₂).

[0035] The result is a board that measures approximately 2440×1220×8 mm. whose sides are both the same, smooth, with gloss and dark tone.

EXAMPLE II

[0036] The core is a 180/290 gr./sq.m phenolic Kraft with the relative melamine sheet (2).

[0037] The wooden panels (3) measure 0.75÷0.80 mm. thick.

[0038] The tone package (4) is comprised of an inner cellulose film impregnated in light tone phenolic resin, and an outer cellulose film impregnated in melamine and with a silica-extender.

[0039] The transparent acrylic outer film (5) with <2% transmittance at wave length 290÷370 mm. with 1.13 gr/cm³ density.

[0040] A polypropylene film is used for the demoulding for both sides (C₁), C₂).

[0041] The result is a board that measures approximately 2440×1220×8 mm. whose sides are both the same, smooth, satin-finish and light tone. 

1.- Sandwich type board, with side and counterside, of the kind that has several successive layers, characterised because on the outside it has a side and/or a counterside with a multi-layer transparent/translucent film, which is comprised from outside to inside of a) an acrylic type film; b) an adhesive; c) an absorbent cellulose film impregnated in a resin of the same nature as the resin used to impregnate the layer just before it in the sandwich. 2.- Sandwich type board, according to previous claim, characterised because from the centre to the side and counterside it has the following in successive layers: a) a core comprised of packages of absorbent cellulose sheets impregnated in phenolic resin; b) a cellulose film impregnated in melamine; c) a laminated wood panel treated with phenolic resin; d) a tone package of one to three translucent and/or transparent films of cellulose each of them impregnated in a resin to be chosen between melamine, melamine-acrylic, phenolic, melamine-phenolic; e) the multi-layer transparent/translucent film and with a surface finish obtained by means of a demoulding film in the board press process. 3.- Sandwich type board, according to second claim, characterised because the demoulding film is chosen between mate silicone, polypropylene or gloss silicone. 4.- Sandwich type board, according to second claim, characterised because at least one of the films of the tone package has a silica-extender. 5.- Sandwich type board, according to second claim, characterised because at least one of the films of the tone package has a pigment-extender. 